Plants to 5 dm; roots elongate, fleshy. Stems ± erect, simple or sometimes branching. Leaves sessile; blade terete, to 6 cm. Inflorescences cymose, over-topping leaves; peduncle scapelike, to 25 cm. Flowers: sepals deciduous, elliptic to ovate, 3-4 mm; petals rose-purple, obovate, 5-7 mm; stamens 12-20; stigma 1, subcapitate or sometimes indistinctly 3-lobed. Capsules subglobose, 4-5 mm. Seeds without arcuate ridges, 0.8-1 mm. 2n = 48.

Flowering Apr-Oct. Thin, rocky or sandy soil, usually on or near edges of sandstone, granitic, and serpentine outcrops; 200-1000 m; Ala., Ga., Ky., Md., N.C., Pa., S.C., Tenn., Va., W.Va.

Phemeranthus teretifolius is an allopolyploid derived from P. parviflorus and P. mengesii, both of which it evidently outcompetes within its southern Appalachian range (M. E. B. Carter and W. H. Murdy 1985; W. H. Murdy and M. E. B. Carter 1985, 2001).

Infl 1-3 dm; pet 5-10 mm, pink, stamens 10-25; anthers oblong, 1 mm; stigma capitate; fr 5-6 mm; seed minutely roughened; 2n=48. Thin soil overlying rocks, especially serpentine; Del., Pa., and W.Va., s. to Ga. and Ala. All summer. Fls open in early afternoon only.

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

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