Rarely climbing, the stems prostrate or ascending or merely reclining on bushes; tendrils commonly none, or a few produced opposite the uppermost lvs only; lvs firm, paler beneath, often ±folded, reniform to depressed-ovate, 5-10 cm, somewhat wider, unlobed, coarsely toothed, with a broad basal sinus, glabrous on both sides or sparsely hairy along the larger veins; infls small, rarely to 10 cm; fr 6-10 mm, black; 2n=38. Dry hills and rocks; s. Ill. to Okla., s. to Tenn., Ark., and Tex.; also se. Pa., where perhaps only escaped.

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

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