Stoloniferous colonial shrub 3-10(-15) dm; lvs a quarter to half-grown at anthesis and then densely tomentose beneath, at maturity glabrous and pale beneath, ovate to oblong, elliptic, or obovate-oblong, usually 2-5 cm, acute to obtuse or rounded, finely and sharply toothed, the lateral veins curved forward, branched and anastomosing near the margin, not definitely prolonged into the teeth, the teeth almost always more than twice as many as the veins; racemes short and dense; pedicels thinly pubescent, soon glabrescent, the lowest 7-15 mm; sep soon recurved or reflexed from near the middle; pet mostly 5-10 mm, half as wide; ovary tomentose at the summit; mostly polyploid. Dry woods, old fields, and rocky banks; Que. and Me. to Minn., s. to N.Y., Mich., Io., and in the mts. to N.C. May, June. (A. mucronata; A. stolonifera) Occasional plants of no. 8 [Amelanchier arborea (F. Michx.) Fernald] with the ovary ±tomentose on top will key here but are tall, non-colonial shrubs.

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

©The New York Botanical Garden. All rights reserved. Used by permission.

Shrub 30 cm - 2 m tall

Leaves: medium to dark green above, paler beneath, 2 - 6 cm long, egg-shaped to oblong, elliptic to widest above middle with a pointed to rounded or blunt tip and a rounded base, toothed, hairless, with veins interconnecting near the margin. At flowering, the leaves are one-quarter to one-half grown and densely hairy beneath.

Flowers: borne on an upright, short, dense inflorescence (raceme) with individual stalks 7 - 15 mm long. Each flower is white with a recurved five-lobed calyx and narrow oblong petals 5 - 10 mm long and 2 - 5 mm wide.

Fruit: berry-like (pome), clustered, bluish black, spherical, covered with a whitish waxy coating (glaucous), containing ten seeds.

Form: bushy, many-stemmed, colony-forming.

Similar species: Amelanchier sanguinea, Amelanchier humilis, and Amelanchier spicata are the three Amelanchier species in the Chicago Region under 3 m tall at maturity. Amelanchier sanguinea does not form colonies, has leaves that are half expanded at flowering, leaf veins that do not interconnect near the margin, and flowers borne in loose drooping racemes. Amelanchier humilis has leaves that are expanding or fully expanded at flowering time, and the leaf veins do not interconnect near the margin.

Flowering: late April to early May

Habitat and ecology: Throughout its range, this species grows in dry woods, old fields, sandy soils, or along rocky banks.

Occurence in the Chicago region: native

Etymology: Amelanchier is the old French name of a species in this genus. Spicata means "in spikes."

Author: The Morton Arboretum