Stems 1-3 together, mostly 1.5-3 mm thick at base; nodes below the infl 20-30; infl often either conspicuously leafy or tending to consist of distinct, compact groups of involucres; involucres mostly 4-6 mm wide across the appendages; se. phase, from Va. and s. Md. to n. Fla., w. to Tenn. and Miss. (E. apocynifolia; E. pubentissima; E. zinniiflora)

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

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