Plants 10-90 cm; in clones and clumps (sometimes with rosettes), eglandular (except pedicels); rhizomes slender, herbaceous becoming woody, scaly. Stems 1-3+, erect, simple, straight, proximally sparsely strigillose to glabrescent, distally strigose or villoso- or hirsuto-strigose. Leaves basal and cauline, firm (only midnerves conspicuous), margins slightly revolute, slightly indurate, entire or sometimes remotely crenulate-serrulate, scabrous, teeth indurate, apices acute to obtuse, indurate, often mucronate, abaxial faces scabrous, adaxial sparsely strigose or glabrous; basal and proximal cauline usually persistent, sometimes withering by flowering (bases often marcescent), petioles sometimes narrowly winged, bases sheathing, blades narrowly elliptic, narrowly ovate, or lanceolate to spatulate, narrowly obovate, or oblanceolate, 13-135 × (2-)6-35 mm (earliest smaller), bases attenuate to cuneate; mid short-winged-petiolate or sessile, blades lance-oblong, lance-elliptic, lanceolate, or oblanceolate, 22-105 × 3-14 mm, gradually reduced distally, bases slightly auriculate-clasping to cuneate or attenuate; distal (arrays) sessile, blades lanceolate to linear, 7-42 × 1-6 mm, abruptly reduced. Heads (1-)3-50(-122+), usually in open or dense, corymbiform arrays, seldom borne singly. Peduncles densely strigose or strigoso-hispid, sometimes sparsely long-stipitate-glandular distally; bracts (0-)1-3(-6), leaflike to phyllary-like (bases indurate), scabrous or sparsely strigose. Involucres cylindro-campanulate, 7-11(-13) mm, shorter than pappi. Phyllaries 35-65 in 4-5 series, oblong (outer) to linear-oblong or seldom linear (inner), strongly unequal, membranous, bases indurate, rounded (outer), dark green zones foliaceous, sometimes slightly dilated, in distal ¹ / 3 - ¹ / 2 (outer) to ¹ / 8 - ¹ / 7 or none and not reaching margins (inner), margins hyaline or sometimes purplish, narrowly scarious, erose, ciliate (scarious parts), ± scabrous (foliaceous parts), sometimes short-stipitate-glandular (innermost), apices spreading to squarrose, obtuse, often dilated (innermost), mucronulate (outer) or apiculate (inner), abaxial faces glabrous or strigillose, both scabrellous on foliaceous parts. Ray florets 13-30; corollas bluish violet, (8-)11.5-15.5 × 1.5-2.3 mm. Disc florets 25-40; corollas pale yellow turning purplish, 5-7.2 mm, slightly ampliate, tubes shorte

Flowering summer-fall. Dry to wet, especially sandy soils, open, pinelands, oak-scrub, clearings, bogs, roadsides; 200-1500 m; Ala., Conn., Del., Ga., Ky., Md., Mass., N.C., Ohio, S.C., Tenn., Va.

Eurybia surculosa is of conservation concern in Virginia and Alabama. It is often confused with E. compacta, its close relative from the coastal plains. In states where both are present, it is found only inland in the southern Appalachian Mountains and not on the coastal plains; its larger heads help to differentiate it from E. compacta.

Similar to no. 50 [Aster spectabilis Aiton], but not glandular, or only slightly and inconspicuously so; rhizome sometimes with nodular-thickened, woody portions; stem spreading-hirtellous (or merely strigose below), often slightly viscidulous, but scarcely glandular, or sometimes slightly so on the peduncles; heads avg smaller, the invol 7-12 mm, its bracts avg narrower and blunter, only obscurely or not at all glandular, otherwise glabrous except for the often ciliolate margins; rays paler, more bluish. Various habitats, especially in sandy soil; Appalachian region from Ky. and Va. to Tenn., N.C., S.C., and Ga.

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

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