Stems scattered, erect, 1-2 dm, glabrous; lvs in 2-4(5) whorls of 4, antrorsely scabro-ciliate and commonly with scattered similar hairs at least on the upper surface, thin, evidently trinerved, broadly obovate to broadly ovate-elliptic, 1-3 cm, half or two-thirds as wide, mucronate at the blunt apex, mostly concavely narrowed to the cuneate base; peduncles 1-2 from the uppermost whorl of lvs, rather elongate, 2-3(-6)-fld; fr 1.5 mm, uncinate-bristly; 2n=22, 44. Mossy woods; n. N. Engl. and n. N.Y. to se. Can.; ne. side of Lake Superior; near the Pacific coast from Korea to Wash. July.

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

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