This species seems to be localized in a few of the northern counties, where it is infrequent, and there are a few specimens from some of the Ohio River Counties. Probably it is rare or absent elsewhere. It is found in slightly acid soils on white oak slopes.

Perennial 0.5-1.5 m, with ascending branches, finely downy throughout; lower lvs lance-ovate, usually with one or 2 pairs of large obtuse lobes below the middle, the upper progressively reduced and less lobed, the bracteal ones lanceolate and commonly entire; pedicels very stout, straight, ascending, 1-3 mm; fr ovoid, 10-15 mm, densely pubescent; 2n=26. Dry woods; Mass. to Ont. and Mich., s. to Fla. and Ala. June-Sept. (Gerardia v.; G. flava, misapplied)

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

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